| Structure | Location/Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| bicipital aponeurosis | an extension of the tendon of the biceps brachii m. what blends with the antebrachial fascia on the medial side of the antecubital fossa | bicipital aponeurosis is an important structure to phlebotomists because it is superficial to the brachial artery and median nerve, but deep to the superficial veins of the upper limb - this provides some protection for the deeper structures during venipuncture |
| costocoracoid membrane | deep fascia extending from the clavicle to the superior border of the pectoralis minor m. | costocoracoid membrane is named for its medial (ribs) and lateral (coracoid process of the scapula) attachments; it is penetrated by three structures: cephalic v., thoracoacromial a. and lateral pectoral n. |
| extensor retinaculum | a thickening of the deep fascia on the dorsum of the wrist | extensor retinaculum is attached to the bones of the dorsum of the wrist in several locations, resulting in compartments which separate and anchor the extensor tendons; tendons are surrounded by synovial tendon sheathes where they pass deep to retinacula |
| fascia, antebrachial | deep fascia which forms a tubular investment of the forearm muscles | antebrachial fascia is attached to the radius via the lateral intermuscular septum; it is attached to the subcutaneous border of the ulna |
| fascia, axillary | deep fascia which forms the floor of the axilla inferiorly | axillary fascia is attached to the suspensory ligament of the axilla; it is continuous with the pectoral fascia |
| fascia, brachial | deep fascia which forms a tubular investment of the arm | brachial fascia is attached to the humerus via medial and lateral intermuscular septae |
| fascia, clavipectoral | a layer of deep fascia attaching to the clavicle superiorly and the axillary fascia inferiorly | clavipectoral fascia has several named subdivisions: it surrounds the subclavius m. and is thickened inferior to the muscle where it is called the costocoracoid ligament; clavipectoral fascia extends inferiorly to the from the costocoracoid membrane to the pectoralis minor m., a part which is called the costocoracoid membrane (pierced by cephalic v., lateral pectoral n., thoracoacromial a.); it encloses the pectoralis minor m. then continues inferolaterally to attach to the axillary fascia, a part which is called the suspensory ligament of the axilla |
| fascia, hypothenar | fascia covering the hypothenar muscle group | hypothenar fascia blends with the palmar aponeurosis and attaches to the fifth metacarpal bone; it defines the hypothenar compartment of the hand |
| fascia, thenar | fascia covering the thenar muscle group | thenar fascia blends with the palmar aponeurosis and attaches to the first metacarpal bone it defines the thenar compartment of the hand |
| flexor retinaculum | a thickening of the deep fascia on the ventral surface of the wrist | flexor retinaculum spans the ventral surfaces of the carpal bones (medially - scaphoid and trapezium; laterally - hamate and pisiform) to complete an osseofibrous tunnel for passage of the flexor tendons; tendons are surrounded by synovial tendon sheathes where they pass deep to retinacula |
| palmar aponeurosis | a thickening of the deep fascia covering the palm of the hand | palmar aponeurosis is composed of very dense connective tissue that extends out into each of the fingers |
| palmar carpal ligament | a thickening of the antebrachial fascia on the ventral surface of the wrist | palmar carpal ligament is a retinaculum that supports the tendons of the superficial flexor mm.; it is superficial and proximal to the flexor retinaculum of the wrist |