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Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences: Human Structure Module
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  9. Topographical Anatomy of the Pelvis and Perineum

Topographical Anatomy of the Pelvis and Perineum

Structure/SpaceDescription/BoundariesSignificance
anal triangleposterior subdivision of the diamond-shaped perineum; its boundaries are: anteriorly - posterior margin of the perineal membrane (corresponds to an imaginary line connecting the ischial tuberosities); posterolaterally - sacrotuberous ligamentanal triangle is the location of the terminal end of the gastrointestinal tract (anus)
ischioanal fossaa fat-filled space located lateral to the anal canal and inferior to the pelvic diaphragm; its boundaries are: superomedially - pelvic diaphragm (anterior recess extends superior to the urogenital diaphragm); medially - external anal sphincter muscle and anal canal; laterally - obturator internus fascia and ischial tuberosity; posterolaterally - sacrotuberous ligament and gluteus maximus m.; (posterior recess extends superior to the gluteus maximus m.)the fat and loose connective tissue in the ischioanal fossa compresses to allow passage of feces; also known as: ischiorectal fossa
natal cleftmidline cleft between the buttocksnatal cleft lies between the gluteus maximus muscles
perineuma diamond-shaped space forming the outlet of the pelvis; its boundaries are: anterolaterally - inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus and ischial tuberosity; posterolaterally - sacrotuberous ligamentperineum is subdivided into the anal triangle and urogenital triangle by an imaginary line connecting the ischial tuberosities
urogenital triangleanterior subdivision of the diamond-shaped perineum; its boundaries are: anterolaterally - inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus; posteriorly - posterior margin of perineal membrane (corresponds to an imaginary line connecting the ischial tuberosities)urogenital triangle is the location of the terminal portion of the urinary tract and genital tract
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